Maryland E-Bike Laws (2026 Guide)
This page explains Maryland e-bike laws, including e-bike classes, speed limits, helmet and age requirements, and where electric bikes are legal to ride. For laws in all 50 states, visit our E-Bike Laws by State hub.
How Maryland Defines an Electric Bike
Under Maryland Transportation Code §11-117.1, an electric bicycle is legally considered a bicycle when it meets the following requirements:
- Fully operable pedals
- Two or three wheels
- Electric motor rated at 750 watts (1 horsepower) or less
- Motor assistance limited by class-based speed restrictions
View the official Maryland e-bike definition
Maryland E-Bike Class System
| E-Bike Class | Description | Max Assisted Speed |
|---|---|---|
| Class 1 | Pedal-assist only; motor stops when pedaling stops | 20 mph |
| Class 2 | Throttle-assisted; motor can propel bike without pedaling | 20 mph |
| Class 3 | Pedal-assist only; designed for higher-speed commuting | 28 mph |
Where E-Bikes Are Legal in Maryland
- Roads & Streets: Allowed wherever bicycles are permitted
- Bike Lanes: Legal unless restricted by local ordinance
- Shared-Use Paths: Class 1 and 2 generally allowed; Class 3 may be restricted
- Sidewalks: Generally prohibited unless local law allows
- State Parks & Trails: Rules vary by park and trail type
Cities such as Baltimore and Annapolis may impose additional e-bike restrictions.
Always check local ordinances before riding.
Helmet and Age Requirements
- Helmet required for riders under 16 years old
- Minimum age of 16 years old to operate a Class 3 e-bike
- No statewide age minimum for Class 1 or Class 2 e-bikes
Licensing, Registration & Insurance
Maryland does not classify e-bikes as motor vehicles.
- No driver’s license required
- No registration or title required
- No insurance required
Traffic Laws for Maryland E-Bike Riders
E-bike riders must follow the same traffic laws as traditional bicyclists, including:
- Obeying traffic signals and road signs
- Yielding to pedestrians
- Riding in the direction of traffic
- Using lights and reflectors when riding at night
Maryland DOT bicycle and safety laws
Maryland E-Bike Law Summary
| Rule | Maryland Law |
|---|---|
| Max Motor Power | 750 watts |
| License Required | No |
| Registration Required | No |
| Insurance Required | No |
| Helmet Required | Under 16 |
| Class 3 Minimum Age | 16+ |